SKKU-Calculus-Sec-13-8 Extrema of Multivariate Functions-New
13.8 Extrema of Multivariate Functions by SGLee - HSKim- SWSun-JHLee, 오교혁
(Lecture) http://youtu.be/oDZUkOEszOQ
(Exercises) http://youtu.be/FWmk_MasIjE
1. Let . Find the critical points of
and classify them.
Solve and
.
So we have critical points, or
. If
, then
.
If , then we have
.
The critical points are ,
,
,
.
Next, we consider second order partial derivatives to get ,
,
.
Then and
thus we obtain
at points
,
.
This implies that ,
are saddle points.
At points ,
, we observe that
.
Moreover, since ,
has a local maximum
at
.
On the other hand, due to ,
has a local minimum
at
.
위에서 구한 를 saddle point, local maximum, local minimum으로 각각 분류하자.
즉, ,
은 saddle point이고,
,
은 local maximum이다.
2. Find the extreme values of the function when
.
: critical points
=>
has no local minimum. or maximum at
.
At ,
, so
has a local maximum
at
.
3-4. Locate the maxima, minima, and saddle points of the functions.
3.
http://matrix.skku.ac.kr/cal-lab/cal-12-4-3.html
http://matrix.skku.ac.kr/LA-Lab/ms-1.html
4.
Try this on your own.
5. Let . Answer the following:
(a) Find points of local maximum/minimum and a saddle point when .
(b) Give a condition on for the case when
has only one critical point.
(a)
=> (1,1) is a saddle point.
=> are points of local minimum..
(b)
=>
If has only one critical point
has a solution and
should not have a solution. So
.
6. Find maximum value of on
.
,
.
So the critical point is and thus critical value is
Let ,
,
and
.
On , we have
and
,
.
On , we have
and
,
.
On , we have
and
,
.
On , we have
and
.
.
So the maximum value is 2.
7. Find the absolute maximum and minimum of in the domain
which is a closed triangle made of three points (0. 0), (2, 1), (1, 2).
(1)
=> critical point : ,
(2) 1. moves on
=> The absolute maximum , and the absolute minimum
on
.
2. moves on
=> The absolute maximum , and the absolute minimum
on
.
3. moves on
=> The absolute maximum , and the absolute minimum
on
.
Hence the absolute maximum is 2 and the absolute minimum is 0.
8. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values on the disk D:
.
interior of
:
Then implies
If implies
Thus, we get the critical points
If then
This implies
.
Critical points are
Thus
Consider , boundary of
:
so
Moreover, is smallest when
and largest when
But
Thus on D the absolute maximum of is
and the absolute minimum is
9. Find the Taylor series for the function at the point
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
Therefore
.
10. Expand the Maclaurin series for the function .
,
,
,
,
,
,
In general,
.